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Simon

Subjective time compression behind seeming social instability?

There's lots of talk these days about social instability in industrialized nations. Unlike the good old days, when people had one boring job their entire life, people have several careers with several companies. And unlike those happy times in the past, when people stayed in marriages even when miserable, the divorce rate has increased about 40% in the US since the 1970s, so that about half of marriages today will end in a split.

But such social instability belies the fact that people do more in their lives today than ever before. So while the length of time people stay in one job or one marriage may be objectively decreasing, the amount of novelty and productivity they have in these shorter periods may be increasing. Hence objective measurements of time spent in any single life activity may not be appropriate. A better measurement may be subjective gauges of novelty and productivity--of new experiences and accomplishments.

Take a marriage, for example. While couples 50 years ago might have been lucky to travel to a few places in their marriage, couples today may see dozens together within a decade. Similarly, while couples 50 years ago might have exchanged hundreds of letters in their marriage, couples today can exchange that many emails in a month.

Similarly with work. As productivity increases, each employee is able to create more output per hour worked. Computers enhance our ability to creatively solve problems, while advanced industrial machinery and robotics enhance our ability to realize those solutions in physical materials. Today, the average worker can perform 40 hours of 1950s-era work in 10 hours. That means each worker today can perform 40 years worth of 1950s-era work in 10 years. So is it any surprise that people today have four or five careers in a lifetime? From the perspective of someone living in the 1950s, in those four careers they would truly equal the careers of four 1950s era workers.

All of this suggests that with the accelerating pace of technological change we might expect what appears to be increasing social instability, but what may in fact simply be subjective time compression.
Published Tuesday, April 18, 2006 11:53 AM by Simon
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grahamwolf wrote on April 18, 2006 1:34 PM

Great point. Although I am a little dismayed that marriage can be affected by this subjective time increase. I like to think that marriage is about more than "novelty." Although recent personal experience hasn't enforced this thought.
 

Mr. Farlops wrote on April 18, 2006 6:18 PM

It certainly seems true that productivity doesn't always reward people with more leisure! I get this feeling because I've worked for a few software companies. These days if you use the new tools and work smarter (To use the Dilbertism.), your boss just gives you more work.

However I think there is something to the perception of rapid industry changes that leads to stress. People in many post-industrial countries have this perception that their jobs aren't safe due to global trade competion, foreign labor or automation. This stress might be one of the reasons behind the recent revivals of religion in many parts of the world. People are looking for stability and, rightly or wrongly, they find it in religion.

Another thing is we seem to exchange our increased productivity for new gadgets and activities so leisure never really increases that significantly. This ties into the perception of time compression and stress.
 

GrimJim wrote on April 18, 2006 10:01 PM

Subjective time compression doesn't explain the change in divorce rate.  Computers have not increased the "productivity" of marriage.  Email and IM is but a portion of total communication, and marriage doesn't wear out faster merely because couples chat more often.

Space "compression" via improved transportation, though, enables us to select among far more potential partners than previous generations were capable of.  People can "shop" longer and more widely, and even opt to upgrade.
 

grahamwolf wrote on April 20, 2006 10:28 PM

Upgrade...
That sounds romantic. :-P
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About Simon

I aim to understand, apply and develop science, technology and communications to achieve positive change. To this end, I am the owner and operator of Betterhumans, which I founded in 2002. I also work in interactive healthcare marketing, helping pharmaceutical and other healthcare organizations effectively use interactive technologies. Currently, I'm also working part-time on a masters degree at the University of Toronto in the history and philosophy of science and technology.
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